Temerloh is a town in Central Pahang, Malaysia in Temerloh district. It is the second largest town in Pahang after Kuantan. Temerloh is 163 ft above sea level and lies at latitude of 3 27 North and longitude of 102 26 East. It is situated at the junction of the Pahang River and the Semantan River, and for this reason is also called Kuala Semantan. Kuala is the Malay word for river confluence. Temerloh was a famous port in ancient times because its strategic location between two rivers.

An old town with some colonial buildings and shop houses, the town has prospered in recent years as a transportation hub and new industrial center. There have been many new commercial and industrial hub built in Temerloh in recent years. The completion of an East Coast Expressway which make traveling duration into half, linking the town to Kuala Lumpur and Kuantan added to the growth factor of Temerloh. It hopes to supersede Kuantan as the future capital of Pahang.

Temerloh has been rebranded as "Bandar Ikan Patin", which literally means "Patin Fish Town". Patin, a type of freshwater catfish is a local delicacy highly sought after in the country. Patin Fish is famous for its juicy taste and can be considered one of the best freshwater fish in Malaysia.

During the Malayan Emergency, Temerloh made its mark in the annals of history because of the 10th Malay Regiment. This is the only Malay armed group that had promised to drive out the British from their homeland. They were inspired by their forefathers Datuk Bahaman, Mat Kilau, Tok Gajah and believed that the only way to drive out the British is through the use of force.